|
Ophthalmic and Sun Photochromatic
Glasses
| Product Code |
: |
91103 and 91111 |
| Quality and Standards
|
: |
IS 6472:1976 |
| Production Capacity
|
: |
6000 dozens. of Photochromatic
lenses
Valued at : Rs. 9360000
1150 dozs. of Coloured glasses
Valued at: Rs.1242000
Total: Rs. 10602000 |
| Uploaded
on |
: |
June
2007 |
Introduction
The people of all age groups use sunglasses
as an aid to protect eyes against glare or wind and also as
a fashion wear. The present younger generations is using these
glasses mainly as fashion in different colours and varieties.
The sunglasses are mostly manufactured in plane without power
in various sizes, colours and shades.
Photochromatic glasses are the latest
introduction in the range of sunglasses in the country. These
are special variety of glasses with the characteristics that
when the sun light strikes on them the invisible micro-crystals
of silver halides inside the glass automatically get darker
and imparts colour and shade to the glass and in normal indoor
light, the glasses revert to its colourless clear transparency.
These glasses also protect eyes from UV rays and are useful
both as sunglasses and reading glasses.
Market Potential
There is wide spread use of sunglasses
for eye care apart from the style and fashion. The need of
powered glasses is felt after the age of forty. The demand
for sunglasses/ophthalmic glasses is increasing day-by-day
to produce ophthalmic lenses as per doctor's prescription.
There is a good scope for setting up of new units with modern
machinery in different parts of the country, particularly
in the urban and semi-urban areas, where there is immediate
demand for the product.
Basis and Presumptions
The project is based on double shift of
8 hours per day with 300 working days in a year utilising
the latest automatic machines indigenously available. The
prices and other charges shown in the profile may vary from
place to place and brand of the product.
Implementation Schedule
| Sl. No. |
Activity |
Period |
| 1. |
Project preparation
and acquirement of shed and provisional Registration etc.
|
2 |
| 2. |
Procurement
of machinery and raw materials |
4 |
| 3. |
Installation of machinery
and equipments and appointment of Labour etc. |
2 |
| 4. |
Starting trial production
|
1 |
|
Total
|
9 |
Technical Aspects
Process of Manufacture
Glass blanks of particular diameter and
thickness are selected on the basis of power to be given to
a lens. Glass blanks are first blocked with the help of surface
blocker which is latest attachment developed for blocking
purposes. After blocking the surfaces are ground by means
of Diamond Curve Generator. After grinding and smoothing,
the surface is polished with the help of fixing felt cloth
and using polishing material (cerium oxide) on fully automatic
machines. The polished glass blanks are then de-blocked in
lloy reclaim tank, that is a compact unit for de-blocking
of lenses. The process is further repeated for grinding and
polishing of the second surface of the blanks. Lenses are
then cleaned and tested for accuracy and perfection. Though
the process of grinding and polishing is simple, it is quite
sophisticated in practice with rigid quality control measures
at each stage of manufacture.
Quality Control
and Standards
The specifications laid down by the Bureau of Indian Standards
are:
IS 6472:1976 General requirement for tinted
ophthalmic glass.
Financial Aspects
A Fixed Capital
| ( i ) Land and Building
|
(Rs.) |
| Land 150 sq meter.@
Rs 4000 /Sq.m |
600000
|
| Machinery shed 70 sq
meter @ Rs. 4000 /Sq. m |
280000
|
| Godown & office
70 sq mtr @ Rs 7000/sq mtr |
490000
|
|
Total
|
1370000
|
(ii) Machinery and Equipments
| Description |
Qty |
Value (Rs.) |
| Spherical Diamond Curve
Generator with motor and pump on three phase 440 volts,
1 HP on AC supply and switch |
1 No. |
60000 |
| Automatic two spindle
spherical machine with feeding pump to each spindles for
smoothing with switch and motors of ½ HP each and
timer |
2 Sets |
60000 |
| Automatic two spindle
spherical machine with feeding pump to each spindle for
polishing with motor and ½ HP motor of each |
5 Sets |
100000 |
| Surface blocker and
deblocker unit with adjustable exterior |
1 Set |
20000 |
| Thermostat, 220 V AC.1000
watts. Set of grinding and polishing spherical tools 20
pairs |
20 Pairs |
3000 |
| Spherical blocking gotes
50 mm to 55 mm each |
25 doz. Pairs |
3000 |
|
Total
|
246000
|
| Testing Equipments
|
Qty |
(Rs.) |
| Brass gauges 600±diapter
|
10 Nos. (Each Rs. 40)
|
4000 |
| Lensometer (Indigenous)
|
1 No. |
15000 |
| Lens measure (Indigenous)
|
2 Nos. |
1500 |
| Trial set |
1 Set |
4000 |
| Office equipment, furniture
etc. |
|
50000 |
| Installation, electrification
charges at 10% of the total cost of machinery and equipment
|
7450 |
| Preliminary and pre-operative
expenses |
15000 |
|
Total
|
96950 |
B. Working Capital (Per Month)
(i) Staff and Labour (per month)
| Designation |
No. |
Salary/ month |
Total (Rs.) |
| Supervisor |
2 |
10000 |
20000 |
| Skilled workers |
10 |
5000 |
50000 |
| Semi-skilled workers
|
4 |
4000 |
16000 |
| Clerk-cum-Typist |
1 |
5000 |
5000 |
| Watchman/Peon |
1 |
3000 |
3000 |
|
Total
|
94000 |
|
+ Perquisites 22% on salary
|
20680 |
|
Total
|
114680 |
(ii) Raw Materials (per month)
| Description |
Qty. |
Value (Rs.) |
Photochromic glass blanks
i.e. (photogrey, photogrey extra, photobrown and photosun)
of 60 mm to 65 mm diameter of 2.8 mm to 5 mm thickness
@ Rs.1080 per doz. |
520 |
561600 |
Coloured glass blanks
of different shades i.e. SP2, SP4 and SP10 of 55
to 65 mm diameter and 3.00 mm to 5.00 mm thickness @ Rs.
720 per doz. |
100 doz. Pairs |
72000 |
| Abrasive and polishing
compounds |
LS |
3000 |
| Blocking alloy and cleaning
chemical and other allied materials |
LS |
3000 |
| Packing materials |
LS |
2000 |
| Other miscellaneous
|
LS |
1000 |
|
Total
|
642600 |
| (iii) Other Contingent
Expenses (per month) |
(Rs.) |
| Postage and stationery
|
2000 |
| Telephone expenses |
3000 |
| Consumable stores |
3000 |
| Repairs and maintenance
|
5000 |
| Advertisement and publicity
|
5000 |
| Miscellaneous expenses
|
5000 |
| Insurance |
2190 |
|
Total
|
25190 |
| (iv) Utilities (per
month) |
(Rs.) |
| Power |
10000 |
| Water |
300 |
|
Total
|
10300 |
| (v) Total Recurring
Expenditure (per month) |
(Rs.) |
| (i+ii+iii+iv) |
792770 |
| Total working capital
for 2 months (792770 × 2) |
1585540 |
C. Total Capital Investment
| Building plus Machinery
and Equipments |
1712950 |
| Working capital fo r
2 m onths |
1585540 |
|
Total
|
3298490 |
Machinery Utilisation
85% of utilisation has been taken into
consideration on the machinery and man power.
Financial Analysis
| (1) Cost of Production
(per annum) |
(Rs.) |
| Total recurring expenditure
|
9513240
|
Depreciation on machinery
and equipment @ 10% |
34295 |
| Depreciation on building
5% |
68500 |
| Interest on investment
at @ 13% |
428803.7 |
|
Total
|
10044838.7 |
| (2) Turnover |
(Rs.) |
| 6000 doz. Pairs of Photochromic
lenses of various diameters, thickness and shades at an
average rate of Rs.1560 per doz. Pairs |
9360000 |
| 1150 doz. Pairs of coloured
glass blanks of different diameters, thickness and shades
at an average rate of Rs.1080 per doz. Pairs |
1242000 |
|
Total
|
10602000 |
| (3) Profit (per year)
|
(Rs.) |
| Turnover |
10602000 |
| Cost of production |
10044838.7 |
| Profit |
557161.3 |
| (4) Net Profit Ratio
|
= |
Net profit per year
x 100
-------------------- |
| |
|
Turn over per year |
| |
|
|
| |
= |
557161.3x 100
--------------- |
| |
|
10602000 |
| |
|
|
| |
= |
5.26 |
| |
|
|
| (5) Rate of Return
|
= |
Net Profit per year
x 100
--------------------------- |
| |
|
Total Investment |
| |
|
|
| |
= |
557161.3x 100
---------------------- |
| |
|
3298490 |
| |
|
|
| |
= |
16.89 |
(6) Break-even Point
| Fixed Cost |
(Rs.) |
| Depreciation |
102795 |
| Interest on total investment
|
428803.7 |
| Insurance |
26280 |
| 40% of Salaries and
wages |
550464 |
| 40% of Other contingent
expenses |
110400 |
|
Total
|
1218742.7 |
| B.E.P |
= |
FC x 100
--------------------- |
| |
|
FC + NP (per year) |
| |
|
|
| |
= |
1218742.7 x 100
----------------------- |
| |
|
1218742.7 + 557161.3
|
| |
|
|
| |
= |
68.63 |
Addresses of Machinery and Equipment
Suppliers
1. M/s. Prabhat Works
1055-56, Lal Kuan,
Delhi-110006.
2. M/s. New Way Optical Industries
2795, Peepal Mahadev,
Hauz Kazi, Delhi-110006.
3. M/s. J.C. Dass and Co.
7, Usha Ganj,
Indore (MP).
Raw Material Suppliers
1. M/s. Jain Optical Industries
Chasma Building, Ballimaran Street,
Chandni Chowk,
Delhi-110006.
2. M/s. Micro Abrasives
65, Jor Bagh,
New Delhi.
3. M/s. Indian Rare Earth Ltd.
(Cerium Oxide),
Udyog Mandal-683501,
(Kerala)
4. M/s. Ehance Pilkington Ltd.
(Glass Blanks),
A Subsidiary of Pilkintor Bros.,
PLC,St. Asaph Clyyd LL.176,
LL Great, (Britain).
5. M/s. Corning France
BP 61, 7721, Avor,
Gedey, (France).
6. M/s. Desag, Dehlshe Special Glass
at Grunenplan Posttach,
80, D-3223, Delligsen-2,
(West Germany).
Contact for more information:
Information Manager
TIMEIS Project
E-mail: timeis@ficci.com
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