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Chloramphenicol
Palmitate
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Product Code
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:
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33404
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Quality and Standards
|
:
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As per standard of Indian
Pharmacopoeia
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|
Production Capacity
|
:
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Quantity
8 MT
(per annum)
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Rate
(Rs.)
(per kg.)
|
Value (Rs.)
|
| Uploaded on |
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December 2007 |
Introduction
Chloramphenicol is the specific
drug for control and cure of typhoid and broad-spectrum
bacterial diseases.
Chloramphenicol finds extensive use through tablets
and capsules while chloramphenicol palmitate is used
to formulate syrups. The structural formula for chloramphenicol-palmitate
is represented as:
It lacks the bitter taste of chloramphenicol.
It is hydrolysed in the upper intestinal tract into
the parent drug, however, it does not share the topical
efficiency of the parent drug. Its toxicity is like
that of chloramphenicol. Chloramphenicol palmitate
contains 55.5-59.5% of chloramphenicol i.e. approx.
174 mg Chloramphenicolpalmitate is equivalent to 100
mg chloramphenicol. It is an anti-bacterial drug and
for an adult, the equivalent of 1.5 to 3.0 g of chloramphenicol
daily in divided doses is required, for a child the
equivalent of 25 to 50mg of chloramphenicol per kg.
of body weight daily in divided doses is required.
Market Potential
Chloramphenicol is being produced
both in small scale as well as in organized sector.
At present in India there are a number of units registered
with Secretariat of Industrial Assistance, Deptt.
of Industrial Promotion and Policy, Ministry of Commerce
and Industry, Government of India, New Delhi. Export
of Chloramphenicol has shown increasing trend in recent
years. Looking into the demand of Chloramphenicol-palmitate
and its export potential, there is a good scope for
setting up units in small scale sector.
Basis and Presumptions
1. The estimates are drawn for
a production capacity generally considered techno
economically viable for a model type of manufacturing
unit.
2. The cost in respect of land
and building, machinery and equipment, raw materials
and the selling prices of the Chloramphenicol palmitate
are those generally obtained at the time of preparation
of the project report and may vary depending upon
other various factors.
3. The wages of the workers are
taken as per the prevailing labour wages laws.
4. The plant, equipment and machinery
required for the manufacture of chloramphenicolpalmitate
is either available or can be fabricated indigenously
based on the designs, drawing and specifications worked
out for the project.
5. Interest rate for fixed and
working capital has been taken at 14%.
6. Scheme is worked out on two
shifts basis of eight hours a day and 300 working
days in a year.
Implementation Schedule
|
Preparation of Project report
|
1 month
|
|
Selection of site
|
2 months
|
|
SSI registration
|
1 month
|
|
Finance/loan from bank or
Financial Institution
|
2 months
|
|
Power connection/building
construction
|
3 months
|
|
Machinery procurement
|
3 months
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Trial run
|
2 weeks
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Actual Commercial Production
|
1 month
|
Technical
Aspects
Process of Manufacture
Chloramphenicol is esterified
by condensing with palmitoyl chloride (CH3 (CH2)14
COCI) in the presence of pyridine. The crude ester
is obtained by pouring the reaction product into a
large excess of diluted Hydrochloric acid and the
whole mass is filtered. It is then washed with toluene
dimethyl formamide. The pure ester is dried, recrystallised
and pulverized before packing. Chemical equation of
the reaction is as under.
Quality Control and Standards
Chloramphenicol-palmitate is practically
insoluble in water, slightly soluble in alcohol, soluble
in acetone, chloroform and solvent ether. It is fine
white or greyish white powder, it melts between 870
to 950C. It should conform to the Standard of Indian
Pharmacopoeia.
Production Capacity (per annum)
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Installed capacity
|
:
|
8 MT
|
|
Value
|
:
|
92,00,000
|
Financial Aspects
A. Fixed Capital
|
(i) Land and Building
Value
|
(Rs.)
|
|
Land 1000 sq mtrs. @ Rs.
3000 per sq.mtr
|
3000000
|
|
Building (Office, Store,
working sheds, Boiler Room, Laboratory etc.)
600 sq. mtrs @ Rs 5000 per sq.mtr
|
3000000
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Bore well
|
100000
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Total
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6100000
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(ii) Machinery and Equipments
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Sl. No.
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Equipments
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Qty.
|
Value (Rs.)
|
|
1.
|
Stainless steel reactors
(500 litres capacity) equipped with a reflux
condenser and jacket for steam heating.
|
2
|
500000
|
|
2.
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Air circulated steam heated
coiled tray drier, with vacuum drying system.
|
1
|
190000
|
|
3.
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Demineralised water plant
|
1
|
60000
|
|
4.
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Storage tanks for toluence/
dimethyl-formamide and Hydrochlomic acid
|
2
|
230000
|
|
5.
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Boiler
|
1
|
150000
|
|
6.
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Filteration unit
|
1
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120000
|
|
7.
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Pulveriser
|
1
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65000
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8.
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Laboratory equipments (Spectrophotometer,
Thin layer chromatography Centrifuge, oven and
other laboratory glassware and equipments
|
|
300000
|
|
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Total
|
|
1615000
|
|
9.
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Erection charge @ 10% of
the cost of machinery and equipments
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|
161500
|
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10.
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Office furniture and equipments
|
|
80000
|
|
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Pre-operative expenses
|
|
40000
|
|
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Total
|
|
1896500
|
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(iii) Total Fixed Capital
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(Rs.)
|
|
Land & Building
|
6100000
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Plant & Machinery
|
1896500
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Total
|
7996500
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Working Capital (per month)
(i) Personnel
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Sl. No.
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Designation
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No.
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Salary
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Amount (Rs.)
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1.
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Chemist/Pharmacist
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1
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10000
|
10000
|
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2.
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Manager/commercial Assistant
|
1
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9000
|
9000
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3.
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Analytical Chemist
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1
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8000
|
8000
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4.
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Sales Representative
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2
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8000
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16000
|
|
5
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Accountant/ Clerk
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2
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5000
|
10000
|
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6
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Skilled Workers
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4
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4000
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16000
|
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7.
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Semi-skilled Workers
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3
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3000
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9000
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8.
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Boiler Attendant
|
1
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5000
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5000
|
|
9.
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Watchman and Peon
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2
|
3000
|
6000
|
|
|
Total
|
|
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89000
|
|
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Perquisites @ 22%
|
|
|
19580
|
|
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Total
|
|
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108580
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(ii) Raw Materials Including
Packaging Requirement (per month)
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Particulars
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Ind./I/Imp.
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Qty. Kg.
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Rate (Rs.)
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Value (Rs.)
|
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Chloramphenicol
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Ind.
|
405
|
1500
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607500
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Palmitoyl Chloride
|
do
|
324
|
140
|
45360
|
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Chemicals like pyridine
Toluene, dimethyl formamide
|
do
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LS
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50000
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Packing material
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LS
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15000
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Total
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|
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717860
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(iii) Utilities (per
month)
|
(Rs.)
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Electricity and fuel
|
40000
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Total
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40000
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(iv) Other Expenses (per
month)
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(Rs.)
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Postage and stationery
|
2000
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Telephone
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3000
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Consumable stores
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4000
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Repairs and maintenance
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3000
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Transportation
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5000
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Advertisement and publicity
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5000
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Insurance
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700
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Miscellaneous
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5000
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Total
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27700
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B. Working Capital (per month)
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1.
|
Raw Material
|
717860
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2.
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Salary and wages
|
108580
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3.
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Utilities and other expenses
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67700
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Total
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894140
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4.
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Working Capital (for 2 Months)
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1788280
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C. Total Capital Investment
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(i)
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Working capital for 2 month
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1788280
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|
(ii)
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Land and Building
|
6100000
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(iii)
|
Machinery and Equipments
|
1896500
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|
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Total
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9784780
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Financial Analysis
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1.
|
Cost of Production
|
(Rs)
|
|
(i)
|
Working capital for 1 year
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10729680
|
|
(ii)
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Depreciation on building
@ 5%
|
305000
|
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(iii)
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Depreciation on machineries
and equipments @ 10%
|
181650
|
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(iv)
|
Depreciation on office furniture
and equipments @ 20%
|
16000
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(v)
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Interest on total Capital
investment @ 14%
|
1369869
|
|
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Total
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12602199
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2. Sales Turnover (per annum)
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Item
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Qty.
|
Rate (Rs)
|
Value (Rs)
|
|
Chloramphenicol-palmitate
|
8M.T.
|
1700
|
13600000
|
|
3. Net Profit (per annum)
|
|
Profit
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=
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Sale turnover – Cost of
production
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|
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=
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997801
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|
|
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4. Net Profit Ratio
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|
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Net profit per year ×
100
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=
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———————————
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Sales turnover
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|
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=
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7.34
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|
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5. Rate of Return
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|
|
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Net profit per year ×
100
|
|
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=
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———————————
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|
|
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Capital investment
|
|
|
|
|
|
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=
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10.2
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6. Break-even Point
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(i)
|
Fixed Cost
|
(Rs.)
|
|
(a)
|
Depreciation on machinery
and equipment
|
181650
|
|
(b)
|
Insurance
|
8400
|
|
(c)
|
Depreciation on building
|
305000
|
|
(d)
|
Interest on total capital
investment
|
1369869
|
|
(e)
|
40% of other contingent
expenses
|
321600
|
|
(f)
|
40% of salary and wages
|
43432
|
|
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Total
|
2229951
|
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(ii) B.E.P.
|
|
|
|
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Fixed cost × 100
|
|
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=
|
————————
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|
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Fixed cost + Profit
|
|
|
|
|
|
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=
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69.09
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Addresses of Machinery and Equipment
Suppliers
1. M/s. Chemical Plant and Equipments
Naroda, GIDC,
Ahmedabad, (Gujarat)
2. M/s. Cadmach Machinery
GIDC, Phase IV, Vatva,
Ahmedabad.
3. M/s.Sethi Engineering Works
27/772, Zorawar Singh Marg,
New Delhi.
4. M/s. Rank and Co.
Wazirpur Industrial Area,
New Delhi-110052.
Addresses Raw Material Suppliers
1. M/s. National Solvent Corporation
Devi Dayal Road,
Muland,
Mumbai.
2. M/s. Excel India Ltd.
184-187 S.V Road,
Jogeshwari,
Mumbai.
3. M/s. Cemet Ltd.
214, Hans Bhawan,
Wing No. 1,
Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg,
New Delhi.
4. M/s. Manish Organic Ltd.
National Chambers,
Ashram Road,
Ahmedabad.
Contact for more information:
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